Bricks and mortar retail in Australia Essay Example for Free

Bricks and mortar retail in Australia Essay E-commerce has emerged as a new force in retail providing consumers with more choice and convenience than ever before. People can now shop from retailers across the globe in the comfort of their own home. It would be thought that exciting possibilities such as this would be readily adopted and create competition for existing retail methods. This has not been the outcome in Australia however. Although e-commerce continues to climb in adoption rates bricks and mortar retail has not been affected to any great extent. This being said some areas of e-commerce are becoming successful new ventures on the net. Throughout this essay we will look at what e-commerce is, how it is being used and who is using it. It will also be considered whether e-commerce will ever replace bricks and mortar retailers or will e-commerce disappear? E-commerce is a business that is run on the internet rather than from a bricks and mortar location. E-commerce uses computer networks and telecommunications to conduct its business as it has no face to face contact with its customers. It can be argued that e-commerce is a more effective way of doing business. (NOIE, 2000) This is because it does not require all the overheads and staff required in a bricks and mortar business. However E-commerce is more complicated than it may first seem, more is involved than the simple transfer of funds over the internet. For an online business to be a success it must be planned, established and run as if it were a bricks and mortar business. E-commerce ends with the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet. (Mitchell.J, 2000) Marketing of goods and services, formation of customer relationships, presentation of goods and services for consumers to brows, transfer of funds and after sale customer care must all be established and maintained. E-commerce can be conducted in a Business to business (B2B), Business to Government (B2G) or Business to consumer (B2C) way. B2C e-commerce is an area of significant growth. Many Australians are choosing to use the internet to make purchases. A study conducted by NOIE revealed that in 2002 54% of Australians had access to the internet in their home. Although online consumption is not one of the highest ranking activities conducted by Australians on the internet it is an area that is growing. (NOIE, 2000) One specific area of growth is the use of online banking. (DCITA, 2001) Consumers enjoy the convenience of doing their banking from home on the internet rather than traveling to the bank and standing in line waiting to be served. The most popular online shopping category in Australia however is travel and its related services. Consumers enjoy browsing online for the best deal and creating their own holiday packages. Purchasing travel online also cuts out added fees such as the travel agents commission if flight and accommodation are bought directly from the source rather than through a representative. In a study conducted by NOIE it was found that between 2000 and 2003 there was an increase of 452%in online travel purchase. (DCITA, 2001) This is a hugely significant amount. Other high ranking consumption products on the internet included; books, computer software, computer hardware, music and videos, clothing and share trading. (DCITA, 2001) There are a number of reasons why people choose to use e-commerce rather than traditional bricks and mortar. These reasons are the convenience of the internet, the global scope the internet has to offer and the ease of access. In an increasingly fast passed world convenience is increasingly important. E-commerce provides consumers with the convenience of shopping from home at any time of the day or night, this removes opening hours, travel and queuing as well as spending time looking for a specific good or service. Consumers can log on to the internet conduct a search for the product they wish to purchase and then purchase online quickly and efficiently. Time poor people are using the internet more and more to purchase goods and services. In the lead up to Christmas 1999 Australians spent $150 million on gifts online. (NOIE, 2000) Most of these purchases were made by people who did not have the time to shop at bricks and mortar retailers during business hours. This change in access makes it easier for consumers to find the time to shop; it also helps to take the stress out of shopping. E-commerce also provides consumers with access to a global market. Previously consumers had limited channels for obtaining international goods they wish to purchase E-commerce has created ease of access to international goods and services. Never before has it been so easy to purchase from overseas. Due to the global nature of the internet consumers can brows through what retailers have to offer throughout the world, easily make purchases and have the goods they choose posted to them. This has provided consumers with a new scope of choice which is much bigger than anything offered before. Not only does this ease of access globally mean that Australians can purchase goods and services from around the world, it also means that the world can now easily purchase goods from Australia. E-commerce has opened Australia up to potential consumers that did not exist previously purely due to the inability to access the goods and services available. Due to the internets ease of access e-commerce has opened up a whole new world to people with disabilities, specifically disabilities that inhibit a persons ability to move easily to and from shopping areas. (DCITA, 2002) The internet is easy to use in the home environment and offers an alternative to people who find it difficult to shop at bricks and mortar retail outlets. This also offers empowerment to individuals who previously relied on someone else to do their shopping for them or helped them to shop. These people can now have the independence of doing their own shopping online and the enjoyment of browsing through what different retailers have to offer. Although e-commerce is growing and offers many exciting new opportunities to consumers it is unlikely that it will ever totally replace brick and mortar commerce. There are many aspects of traditional bricks and mortar commerce that cannot be replicated online and as a result of this can never fully replace traditional commerce. Some of these areas include the ability to try products, the social aspect of shopping the entertainment value in shopping, the instant gratification of shopping and the inhibiting effects of the internet. Consumers enjoy browsing through goods and services available to them. (ACS, 2001)This can be done online but not to the same extent as it can be taken to in bricks and mortar retailers. On the internet consumers can only look at a picture of the product they intent to purchase. In bricks and mortar retailers however consumers can make use of their sight, hearing, smell and taste as well as feel a product before they purchase it. Due to the limitations of the internet in this stage of the purchase decision making stage there is more space for post purchase dissonance to occur. When people can use all their senses to make a purchase decision the decision is generally more definite. As well as using all five senses to assist in the decision making process consumers also have the chance to try the product they are thinking of buying in the bricks and mortar environment before they actually do. (ACS, 2001) This is generally not feasible over the internet. Some software programs provide a demo for consumers to trial before they make a purchase, bulky products however cannot be trailed in such a way. Bricks and mortar retail has also become a social activity and a form of entertainment. (ACS, 2001) People meet to go shopping and enjoy the contact they have with people while undertaking this activity. This type of social interaction cannot be recreated in e-commerce. While there are other social activities that can be undertaken on the internet e-commerce does not provide a social aspect. Many bricks and mortar centers of commerce have become entertainment hubs that attract tourists from around the world. Bricks and mortar retail also provides an instant gratification to consumers when they make their purchases and can take them with them. This is generally impossible through e-commerce because the goods need to be posted out to the consumer. (ACS, 2001) While e-commerce assisted some people with disabilities to become more independent it has also created new barriers especially for people who are vision impaired. (Noonan, 1999) No technologies have yet been created to allow this group into the online world. This is a problem due to the fact that it limits these peoples opportunities to benefit from the many aspects the internet and e-commerce has to offer. The elderly is another group that has not been included fully in this e-commerce revolution. More training programs need to be designed to bring our older Australians online and teach them what e-commerce has to offer them. Many elderly Australians would find that e-commerce gave them a new independence if they knew how to use it. Throughout this essay we will look at what e-commerce is, how it is being used and who is using it. It will also be considered whether e-commerce will ever replace bricks and mortar retailers or will e-commerce disappear? E-commerce is the online transfer of goods and services to consumers. As stated many Australians have taken to using e-commerce because of the convenience it offers to them, however some people including the elderly and those with disabilities are being left out to some extent. Although e-commerce continues to develop it is highly unlikely that it will ever totally replace bricks and mortar commerce. The experiences that the two offer are so different that they are both used for different reasons. E-commerce is used for convenience where traditional retaile is often used as a social activity and a form of entertainment. E-commerce has not been adopted in Australia as readily as it has been in some other countries, it will however continue to provide consumers with the convenience of home shopping. Many Australians now would not want to go back to traditional commerce and be force to go into a bank to do their banking rather than simply logging on at home. The e-commerce revolution will continue to grow but brick and mortar will also remain. Referances Noonan, T. (1999) Accessible e-commerce in Australia. Retrieved: November 23, 2004, from: http://www. bca. org. au/ecrep. htm Mitchell. J, (2000) The implementation of E-competent Australia 2000 for VET. Retrieved: November 14, 2004, from: http://www. flexiblelearning. net. au/nw2000/talkback/p71. htm The Australian Government Treasury. (2003)The internet and B2C E-commerce. Retrieved: November 14, 2004, from: http://www. ecommerce. treasury. gov. au/bpmreview/content/DiscussionPaper/03_Chapter2. asp

paradigms :: essays research papers

The truth does not change according to our ability to stomach it. "acategories.asp?Author=Flannery+O%27Connor+%281925%2D1964%29" If the facts don't fit the theory, change the facts. "acategories.asp?Author=Albert+Einstein+%281879%2D1955%29" everyone since teh beginning fo time has had their own views and standards for the way that everything around them should be. these views are seemingly set in stone and unchangeable. there are many examples in the past of terrible consequences for expressing views other than the norm at the time. more recently this apprehension to change was described by Thomas Kuhn in his book, The Structure of Scientific Revoulutions. Kuhn’s book was focused on the scientific world. He said that normal science â€Å"means research firmly based upon one or more past scientific achievments, achievments thatsome particular scientific community aacknowledges for a time as supplying the foundation for its further practice† (Kuhn 10). These achievments needed to be unprecedented and open-ended so as to attract a group away from competing ideas and to leave all sorts of problems for this group to resolve. these achievments are called paradigms. a paradigm is defined by Kuhn as â€Å"an accepted canon of scientific practice, including laws, theory, applications, and instrumentation, that provides a model for a particular coherent tradition of scientific research† (Trigger 5). When results arise that cannot be explained through the current paradigm, a new paradigm may begin to form. the new paradigm originates with new theories that are proposed as a result of the anomalies that were found. â€Å"to be accepted as a paradigm, a theory must seem better than its competitors, but it need not, and in fact never does, explain all the facts with which it can be confronted† (Kuhn 17-18). when the new paradigm is finally accepted, a paradigm-shift occurs. the paradigm shift represents Kuhn’s â€Å"scientific revolution†. Once the paradigm-shift is completed normal science returns under the new paradigm until new set of unexplainable facts arise. paradigms help scientific communities to bind their discipline in that they help the scientist to do several things. they help to create avenues fo inquiry, formulate questions, select methods with which to examine questions and define areas fo relevance. Kuhn writes â€Å"In the absence fo a paradigm or some candidate for paradigm, all the facts that could possibly pertain to the development of a given science are likely to seem equally relevant† (Kuhn 15). what he was trying to show was that there must be a way to limit the direction of one’s research based on what is considered to be known from the past.

Economics Reaction Paper on Sabah Essay

A feud between two Muslim governments, ignited by the sultan of  Sulu when he and his subjects headed to Sabah to reclaim their once territory. Some standoff that went on for over a month now. This standoff that gained nothing but transgressions, especially on the  side of the sultanate of Sulu. Their futile measures to repossess Sabah. Their  defiance against the president’s orders to not proceed. This only resulting to the  massacre of the sultan’s clan members. To this day, the sultan, his family, and  followers were being hunted down by the Malaysian military forces. With this,  they always have to take evasive action for them to survive. Then, there’s the  possible criminal charges which the Kiram family might face once they go back  to the Philippines. Additional problems to be solved by the government. The people fleeing  from Sabah, Malaysia because of the ongoing firefight between the Royal Family  of Sulu and the Malaysian Armed Forces there; Heading to refuge camps in our  country. Also, the decline on the supply of goods in Muslim provinces in the   Philippines. The goods and services, coming from Malaysia, are having increase  in terms of their price. All of these are happening because the Malaysian government is  prohibiting the people in our country to enter their territory without their  permission. Now that the facts about this issue are laid down, we will readily  proceed my personal thoughts regarding this matter. First of all, I find it a very impulsive and reckless move for the Royal  Family of Sulu to start yet another dispute between the Philippines and  Malaysia. To make another historical claim in regards with Sabah is like  starting a never-ending war. It only gets worse by the minute. No fruitful  result reaped. Another, I don’t think that our country could ever obtain again the  rights on Sabah. I said it because we have been making claims on this for  many years. Still, nothing has happened. So what makes the sultan of Sulu think that he could, they could? Economics Reaction Paper Passed by: Shunamite D. Purificacion I-22 Passed to: Mr. Serafin Arviola

Money Is Happiness - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 342 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/09/16 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Money can bring happiness, do you agree or disagree? ( within 300 words, at least 250 words; IELTS for GENERAL TRAINING) As the most significant symptom of wealth, possessing a large sum of money has become a unique pursuit of many people, especially young generation, around the world. They are convinced of that happiness can bought by sufficient money. However, they could neglect the fact that happiness is not just determined by one factor but many others such as your friends, relatives, and pleasant experience. In my perspective, happiness does not always increase in direct ratio to the rise of money. Focusing on the illusion that money brings happiness may have an unexpected adverse effect that may lead to a misallocation of time. For instance, when some one reflects on how money would change their sense of well-being, they would probably tempt to think about spending more time in leisurely pursuits such as seeing a three-dimensional movie or traveling abroad. But in reality, they would have to spend a large amount of time working and commuting and less time engaged in experienced happiness. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Money Is Happiness" essay for you Create order On the other hand, it is undeniable that money has a brief effect on life satisfaction, particularly after we have got enough money to satisfy our fundamental need. For example, people who get richer would feel they are better than their peers. Nevertheless, they will soon make richer friends. Therefore, their relative wealth will not be greater than it was before; people quickly get used to all new stuff their money can buy and the amount of money people say they need rises along with their income. Consequently, the endless and vicious cycle in terms of physically and psychologically stress begins again. In conclusion, I believe that money does not always buy happiness, but it is not indicated that money cannot brings happiness. It is of great importance to deal with money more carefully and appropriately. Instead of lavishing money in an ostentatious way, we should be aware of that it is romance, friendships, good health, families that truly bring us happiness.

Is The Worlds Wife is Feminist Propaganda Essay - 1472 Words

I do not agree that the collection, The Worlds Wife, is â€Å"nothing but feminist propaganda†. I must agree that there are a lot of poems within the collection that are feminist in some way or another but there are also others that don’t really show a feeling of feminist propaganda at all. ‘Propaganda’ means â€Å"Information given to show something or someone in a biased way† and ‘Feminist’ means â€Å"Women are better than men and so can do everything better than they can† and therefore ‘Feminist Propaganda’ means â€Å"the spread of information about how women are greater than men†. This collection does show the empowerment of women throughout the selected poems because of the switch from famous male characters to their female counterparts.†¦show more content†¦The bells being given female pet names could be argued for the feminist view of the poem, also about half way through the poem Quasimodo â €Å"fucked me underneath the gaping stricken bells†, this personification indicates a woman’s open lips. However when Mrs Quasimodo kisses the â€Å"cold lips of a Queen next to her King† is the strongest argument for the feminist side of the poem. I believe that Mrs Quasimodo however is a social poem and not so much a feminist poem. â€Å"Queen Herod† however is very strongly a feminist poem. This poem is very anti stereotypical male and so sees no need for men. The feminist view within this poem starts when the Queens come to give advice to Queen Herod on the new born baby that will break her daughter’s heart some day. The Black Queen in particular gives Queen Herod this intellectual advice, not like in the original tale when it was the Wise men who were the intellectuals. These Queens are also seem as God like towards the end as they rise up on their camels, this gives a perception that women are god like and so gives a feminist view: â€Å"I watched each turbaned Queen rise like a God on the back of her beast†. This poem shows a very anti stereotypical image of men as it goes through a list of the possible typical men who could take her child’s happiness away: â€Å"Him. The Husband. Hero.Show MoreRelatedFeminism Critical Anthology1502 Words   |  7 Pagescollection The World’s Wife is nothing but feminist propaganda’. Consider this view in the light of your readings of Delilah and Anne Hathaway. In The World’s Wife Carol Ann Duffy explores ‘the blinding effects of ideology’; the inequalities between men and women, and how women are portrayed in literature which stereotypically would be either the ‘dangerous seductress’, ‘cute but essentially helpless’, ‘unworldly’ or the ‘self-sacrificing angel’ as stated by Bertens. Feminists stress the utmost concernRead MoreA Summary Of The NovelThe Handmaids Tale1179 Words   |  5 Pages Published in 1985, Margaret Atwood’s satirical novel The Handmaid’s Tale explores the dystopian world of Gilead through the eyes of Offred, a handmaid. As Offred acclimates to her role as handmaid, she discusses the political developments that led to her current circumstances, and the path that she was forced through as a result. Formerly known as the United States of America, Gilead was established after a massacre of the president and Congress, when a Christian fund amentalist group seized powerRead MoreA Critical Analysis Of The Handmaids Tale1340 Words   |  6 PagesA Critical Analysis of â€Å"The Handmaid’s Tale.† In this dystopia novel, it reveals a remarkable new world called Gilead. â€Å"The Handmaid’s Tale,† by Margaret Atwood, explores all these themes about women who are being subjugated to misogyny to a patriarchal society and had many means by which women tried to gain not only their individualism and their own independence. Her purpose of writing this novel is to warn of the price of an overly zealous religious philosophy, one that places women in such a submissiveRead MoreThe Aftermath Of World War II1627 Words   |  7 PagesIn the aftermath of World War II, the lives of the women changed dramatically. Women spoke their minds out and wanted to be heard. World War II brought them a new outlook on how they should live their lives (Napikoski). It encouraged women to organize social movements such as b oycotts and public marches, pushing for their human rights and protection against discrimination. Alongside, they formed their own organization representing them against the federal government like the NOW or National OrganizationRead MoreFeminist Analysis : One Of The Means 1301 Words   |  6 PagesJun Choi Mr. Foster/ Ms. Reetz English 10 Honors February 9, 2016 Feminist Synthesis Essay â€Å"One of the means by which humanity addresses the inequities in society is through art. In its various forms, art has, in particular, confronted the double standards waged against women throughout the ages† (Foster, Reetz). As depicted by the Pantene Commercial, â€Å"Labels Against Women†, double standards against women are shown through the motif of the milieu. The surroundings of the individuals portray wordsRead Moreâ€Å"A Doll’s House†: Nora and Torvald as Husband and Wife Essay1241 Words   |  5 PagesIn â€Å"A Doll’s House,† Ibsen presents us with the drama of Torvald and Nora Helmer, a husband and wife who have been married for eight years and whose lives are controlled by the society in which they live. Their relationship, although seemingly happy, is marred by the constraints of social attitudes around them and their perceived gender roles. Creating even more conflict is the thin veil of deceit between them, which inevitab ly breaks them apart. In the Victorian era, the status of women in societyRead MoreMovie Analysis : The World Apart 1739 Words   |  7 Pageshave always been tied to the male counterparts relationship. There is a myriad of examples of how the director or author shape the narrative by using stereotypes, but this will focus on a short story A World Apart written by RÃ… ¯Ã… ¾ena Jesenskà ¡, a film Daisies directed by VÄ›ra Chytilovà ¡, and the propaganda film, Confidant. A common focus will be on how the directors or authors reject the gender stereotype that women are the submissive(quiet, calm, polite) and domestic (following a man’s lead). DaisiesRead MoreThe Women s Suffrage Movement1967 Words   |  8 Pageswithout being allowed to state their opinions, they tried to resist laws, fight for their freedom and strive to gain equality with men. This leads to feminism, the belief in political, social, and economic equality between men and women. It is the feminist efforts that have successfully tried to give rights that men had, to women who have been denied those rights. Upon the deprivation of those rights, the Seneca Falls convention and the Declaration of Sentiments helped women gain the privileges andRead MoreThe Fine Line Between Harlot And Handmaiden907 Words   |  4 PagesThe Fine Line Between Harlot and Handmaiden Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale is a warning to the world that by classifying women by their fertility and stripping them of their rights, one can easily create a terrifying dystopia where all fabrics of society suffer the erosive consequences of female subjugation. Women have forever been classified by their fertility and by their class, which has given us such terms as baron, matronly, harlot, fertile, the help, and surrogates. MargaretRead MoreGender, Sexuality, Reproduction, And Motherhood1727 Words   |  7 Pagesoutlook on life, I m desperate. I begin to feel I have no personality. I m a server of food and a putter-on of pants and a bed maker, somebody who can be called on when you want something. But who am I?(Friedan 63) What was it like to be a house wife? Was it in fact imprisonment? Or was it a glorious womanly right? My grandmother followed the social expectations of the time period. She graduated high school in 1965 from Springfield High school in Springfield Oregon, and in the same year at age

Probation And Parole - 1305 Words

The history of probation and parole influences the decisions that are made in the Adult Court System toward the supervision of adult offenders by considering community corrections and involve supervision in the community. In the criminal justice system, there are many individuals locked up in local, state, and federal institutions. John Augustus probation bears much resemblance to probation as it is practiced today. He took great care in deciding which prisoners were promising candidates for probation. He also considers the offender’s character, age and factors that would have an impact on the offender after being released. His efforts actually were resisted by police, court clerks, and turnkeys who were paid only when offenders were incarcerated (Klein, 1997). The punishment for violating probation or parole is to continue supervision or to withdraw and incarcerate the offender. The selection of these decisions was either too light or strict for the conditions of the vio lation. The type of services in adult supervision is determined by how the offender presents on several areas. The primary goal is to build a strong and safe community by advancing prospects for individuals on probation or parole to move out of the criminal justice system. A certain percentage of those under the responsibility of the criminal justice system are supervised on probation or parole. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics (1997), nearly 2 percent or 3.8 million adult men and womenShow MoreRelatedProbation Parole : Probation And Parole1541 Words   |  7 PagesProbation and Parole Probation and parole their role in the criminal justice program. How well does society accept this program and the people? Is probation/parole effective and why. How the probation and parole system is governed and how effective is it? Probation vs Parole differ in regard to the period during which an offender is placed under supervision. Is probation effective and why. When an individual is supervised as an alternative to imprisonment it is known as probation. The probationRead MoreProbation And Parole : Probation Parole1624 Words   |  7 Pages Probation and Parole Jenifer R. Roberts Brown Mackie College Introduction If you would ever find yourself facing jail time, or getting out of prison, then this is somethings you should know. There is important information on the future you will face if you are on probation or parole. Also included is the beginning of the probation and parole systems, the conditions of both, and some legal issues that are entailed with them. This paper will discuss and inform youRead MoreProbation : Probation And Parole1544 Words   |  7 PagesProbation and Parole Probation and parole their role in the criminal justice program. How well does society accept this program and the people? Is probation/parole effective and why. How the probation and parole system is governed and how effective is it? Probation v s Parole differs in regard to the period during which an offender is placed under supervision. Is probation effective and why. When an individual is supervised as an alternative to imprisonment, it is known as probation. The probationRead MoreParole and Probation1107 Words   |  5 Pageselectronic surveillance also know as house arrest, shock probation, intensive supervision, residential community supervision etc. The most common punishment used by the justice system is probation as well as parole. Probation is the release of an offender from detention , subject to a period of good behavior under supervision. An individual may be granted probation as an alternative to prison and sometimes may be given probation after incarceration. Parole on the other hand is the release of a prisoner temporarilyRead MoreProbation Parole And Parole Case1367 Words   |  6 Pages Approximately 1 in 51 adults in the United States was under community supervision at yearend 2013, the lowest rate observed since 1996 (Herberman Bonczar, 2014, p.1). Probation/parole supervision also known as co mmunity supervision, helps individuals (ex-criminals) acclimate back in their community. Probation is used when a judge chooses to let the offender serve his sentence under officer supervision in the community, rather than in prison. It is usually given to individuals that have committedRead MoreProbation Parole And Probation Case Essay1348 Words   |  6 Pages History of Parole and Probation Jindarat Innuan Student #0913685 CCJ 1020 Hillsborough Community College Prof. Leonardo Cadogan November 26th, 2014 The purpose of this research paper is to discuss about Parole and Probation in America. The paper is going to focus on the past, present and future of parole and probation. This paper includes discussion of Parole and Probation Officers, as well as why some states so longer utilize parole, including Florida. This paper will also include personalRead MoreProbation Parole And Parole For The Year 20133135 Words   |  13 PagesIn 2014 the Bureau of Justice Statistics released a report regarding probation and parole for the year 2013, the most recent year for which data is available. The report noted that by the end of that year there were an estimated 4,751,400 adults serving probation or parole; women accounted for 25% (Herberman Bonczar, 2014). The number of women on probation and parole doubled between 1990 and 2003, which led to research into the best practices for women offenders (Sydney, 2005). In addition toRead MoreDefinition Of Adult Probation And Parole953 Words   |   4 Pagesâ€Å"implement the Census of Adult Probation Supervising Agencies (CAPSA), 2014. This will be the first census of its kind in more than 20 years. It will provide current information on the organization and nature of adult probation in the United States† (Community Corrections (Probation and Parole), 2015). Such census would provide valuable information regarding the current state of the community corrections program: probation. As stated before in this research, both probation and parole have imperfections whichRead MoreProbation And Parole And Juvenile Offenders Essay1384 Words   |  6 Pages Probation and parole were unknown concepts until the early 19th century. Just over one-hundred years old, the emphasis has moved from the offender to concern for the welfare of the community, altogether public safety. Probation and parole accommodates the offender by allowing them to reenter or remain in society, while they serve their sentences. Today, the probation and parole agencies in the United States handle millions and only sixty percent of probationers complete their obligations successfullyRead MoreThe Punishment Mechanisms Of Probation And Parole Essay1844 Words   |  8 Pagesof probation and parole developed from different social circumstances, which were driven by the need for alternative means to imprisonment. The creation of the mechanisms for probation can be linked to the moral panic caused by the excess consumption of alcohol and the increased amount of alcohol-related offences. In contrast, the development of parole was the result of the systems at the time, fa iling to deliver the expected results. This essay will outline the different origins of probation and

Heroism Essay Research Paper Beowulf HeroismBeowulf s free essay sample

Heroism Essay, Research Paper Beowulf: Heroism Beowulf s writer is unknown, as are his motivations and inspiration for the creative activity of the verse form. Write some four hundred old ages before the Norman conquests, it is comprised of three 1000, one hundred and 82 lines, dramatically reproducing the timeless battle between good and evil, along with all the fluctuations that accompany such a narrative. By far one of the most admirable qualities presented to the reader is the impression of gallantry, and the importance of award. The quality of character was a major component of the heroic adult male in the universe of which the narrative is set. In relation the personality, James V. McConnell wrote ; Let us specify personality as the manner in which a individual thinks, behaves and adjusts to his or her environment. Such a definition would include the individuals traits, values, motivations, attitudes, emotional reactions, abilities, self-image and intelligence every bit good as the individuals overt behavior forms. We will write a custom essay sample on Heroism Essay Research Paper Beowulf HeroismBeowulf s or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ( McConnell, page 610 ) . He so went on farther to state, A complete theory of personality would non merely depict the single s present manner of accommodation but give some impression of how the individual got that manner and where he or she was traveling. Throughout the verse form, the writer allows the reader to see, in action, the true workings of heroes. Work force and adult females who cast aside their ain personal demands and desires for the better of others. During this clip society sustained a strong award codification. The actions that an person amassed over their life-time was the rubric by which they were known to the remainder of the land, both good and bad. A batch was asked of swayers refering the protection and enlargement of the imperium, Kings and Queens were known by their conquerings and control of the topics around them. In the prologue we are introduced to a loved and epic King by the name of Shild. How Shild made slaves of soldiers from every land, crowds of prisoners he d beaten into panic lived to be rich and much honored. He ruled lands on all sides: wherever the sea would take them his soldiers sailed, returned with testimonial and obeisance. ( Raffel, line 4 ) . This subdivision of the prologue clearly define s the times, in that it instantly sets up the reader for the degree of aristocracy in the tone of the writer, in the look of self-respect that accompanies King Shild s conquerings. His life was associated with illustriousness and at his decease his testimonial was great. There are many demands of a hero. A hero was an person who was feared and respected by topics and by enemies. To be a hero one must be bold, brave, valorous and make bolding. The hero mist non fear decease or whoever brings it, alternatively they must swear God in his wisdom and timing, being prepared at all times to confront infinity. The chief character of this narrative is Beowulf. He was the boy of the Geat Edgetho, and eventual swayer of the Geats toward the later of his life. Beowulf faces three major enemies in the narrative. The first being Grendel, a descendant of Cain and a monster to look at. Beowulf travels across the sea to the to the land of the Danes. Its swayer, king Hrothgar, unable to contend Grendel he granted Beowulf permission to travel and contend the animal. Upon Grendel s licking, another animal rises. Grendel s female parent has risen for retaliation upon her boy s decease. Throughout these two conflicts Beowulf remains the victor. When Beowulf must contend the 3rd and concluding conflict with a firedrake, he met his lucifer. Beowulf knew this and yet he still continued to contend with the assistance of Wiglaf, one of 12 helpers to the male monarch. When Beowulf showed marks of failure all the others fled into he woods, fearing for their lives but merely Wiglaf remained to assist his male monarch. This is what makes a hero ; self forfeit. Even with full cognition of the great hazard they were both facing, even when he..stared at death.. ( Raffel, line 2587 ) , Beowulf remained, for the good of his people, cognizing that he was their last hope before lest the firedrake destruct them. Not merely does he give his life, so like a true hero, in his death minutes he thanks God for his comfortable life-time and he requests that the gold that he fought and died for be distributed to his people and a tower be erected in his name. for this, this gold, these gems, I thank our Father in Eden, Ruler of the earth- for all of this, that his grace has given me I sold my life for this hoarded wealth, and I sold it good. ( Raffel, line 2794 ) . Death in war was common and well-thought-of. This verse form presents other illustrations of gallantry, but at the same clip it besides contains the exact opposite, those who fell abruptly ; cowards. After the firedrake has been defeated, the 11 deserting soldiers return to bear informant to the result. Wiglaf s fiery address displays the shame that cowardess brings. ..your Godhead gave you gifts hunted across the universe for the best arms. War came and you ran like cowards should Beowulf hold boasted of your strength? With God s good grace he helped himself won his ain retaliation. The aid that I gave him was nil, but it was all that I could give and now the giving of blades, of aureate rings and rich estates is over, ended for you and everyone who portions your blood. Death would be better than the life you can take, branded with shame! ( Raffel, line2865 ) Beowulf is fundamentally a loyal verse form concerned with male monarch and kingship. Strength and bravery are basic virtuousnesss for both the leader and the followings. The followings committedness is to trueness, where the leaders is to the sustenance and guardianship of the people. The verse form is an archaeological papers as it is a piece of gratifying literature. The penetration into the civilization of the people and land is priceless, and the cognition learned, priceless. And so Beowulf s followings rode, mourning their darling leader, shouting that no better male monarch had of all time lived, no prince so mild, so unfastened to his people, so meriting of congratulations.